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, sport including a series of riding and roping contests stemmed from the working abilities of the American cowboy as developed throughout the second half of the 19th century to support the open-range livestock market in North America. Although its advancement as a sport occurred mainly in northern Mexico, the United States, and western Canada, rodeo's popularity is global.
The charreada of Mexico is a similar competition that progressed from the haciendas of colonial Mexico; its rodeo-like occasions are generally not timed however judged in regards to artistic benefit. Trevor Brazile competing in the tie-down roping event at the National Finals Rodeo, Las Vegas, 2010. Eric Jamison/AP Rodeos (from the Spanish rodear, "to encircle") grew out of the work and play of 19th-century American cowboys and their Spanish-Mexican antecedents.
As the cowboys' profession was reduced in scope by the railroads and by the fences that marked completion of the Open Range era, the contests ended up being regular official programs of entertainment. Numerous areas declare the difference of being the very first place to hold a rodeo in the United Statesamong them Cheyenne, Wyoming, in 1872 and Winfield, Kansas, in 1882but such early contests were simply exhibitions of riding and roping abilities and not the extremely organized programs that contemporary rodeo became.
Prescott, Arizona Territory, held the first yearly rodeo on July 4, 1888. Organized by a town committee, it included public advertising, admission charges, and championship prizes, establishing the location as a true competitive viewer sport. Prescott was followed by significant yearly rodeo venues such as Cheyenne Frontier Days (1897 ), the Pendleton (Oregon) Round-Up (1910 ), and the Calgary Stampede (1912 ).
It was among the most egalitarian of American sports in the early 20th century, often consisting of Hispanic, African American, Native American, and female entrants in an era when race and gender discrimination were prevalent. For instance, Mexican technique- and fancy-roper Vicente Oropeza and renowned black bronc-rider and steer-wrestler Expense Pickett won acclaim in the arena, as did Native American bronc-riders Tom 3 Persons and Jackson Sundown.
